Basic SQL Commands for beginers

Basic SQL Commands for beginers:

Following are useful basic sql syntaxes for freshers.

SQL server is case insensitive, that means -  “Create” and “CREATE” have same meaning.

SQL SELECT Statement:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name;

SQL DISTINCT Clause:

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name;

SQL WHERE Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name

WHERE  CONDITION;

SQL AND/OR Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name

WHERE  CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQL IN Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name

WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQL BETWEEN Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name

WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;

SQL Like Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name

WHERE  column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQL ORDER BY Clause:

SELECT column1, column2....columnN

FROM   table_name

WHERE  CONDITION

ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQL GROUP BY Clause:

SELECT SUM(column_name)

FROM   table_name

WHERE  CONDITION

GROUP BY column_name;

SQL COUNT Clause:

SELECT COUNT(column_name)

FROM   table_name

WHERE  CONDITION;

SQL HAVING Clause:

SELECT SUM(column_name)

FROM   table_name

WHERE  CONDITION

GROUP BY column_name

HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQL CREATE TABLE Statement:

CREATE TABLE table_name(

column1 datatype,

column2 datatype,

column3 datatype,

.....

columnN datatype,

PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )

);

SQL DROP TABLE Statement:

DROP TABLE table_name;

SQL CREATE INDEX Statement :

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name

ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQL DROP INDEX Statement :

ALTER TABLE table_name

DROP INDEX index_name;

SQL DESC Statement :

DESC table_name;

SQL TRUNCATE TABLE Statement:

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

SQL ALTER TABLE Statement:

ALTER TABLE table_name {ADD|DROP|MODIFY} column_name {data_ype};

SQL ALTER TABLE Statement (Rename) :

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQL INSERT INTO Statement:

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)

VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQL UPDATE Statement:

UPDATE table_name

SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN

[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQL DELETE Statement:

DELETE FROM table_name

WHERE  {CONDITION};

SQL CREATE DATABASE Statement:

CREATE DATABASE database_name;

SQL DROP DATABASE Statement:

DROP DATABASE database_name;

SQL USE Statement:

USE DATABASE database_name;

SQL COMMIT Statement:

COMMIT;

SQL ROLLBACK Statement:

ROLLBACK;